January 29, 2026

Imposter Syndrome: Signs, Causes & How Therapy Helps

Imposter syndrome causes chronic self-doubt and anxiety. Learn the signs, causes, and how integrative therapy helps.

Created By:
Ryan Sultan, MD
Ryan Sultan, MD
Dr. Ryan Sultan is an internationally recognized Columbia, Cornell, and Emory trained and double Board-Certified Psychiatrist. He treats patients of all ages and specializes in Anxiety, Ketamine, Depression, ADHD.
Created Date:
January 29, 2026
Reviewed By:
Ryan Sultan, MD
Ryan Sultan, MD
Dr. Ryan Sultan is an internationally recognized Columbia, Cornell, and Emory trained and double Board-Certified Psychiatrist. He treats patients of all ages and specializes in Anxiety, Ketamine, Depression, ADHD.
Reviewed By:
Ryan Sultan, MD
Ryan Sultan, MD
Dr. Ryan Sultan is an internationally recognized Columbia, Cornell, and Emory trained and double Board-Certified Psychiatrist. He treats patients of all ages and specializes in Anxiety, Ketamine, Depression, ADHD.
Reviewed On Date:
January 29, 2026
Estimated Read Time
3
minutes.

Key Takeaways

  • Imposter syndrome involves persistent self-doubt despite competence
  • Anxiety without a clear cause is a common symptom
  • It often co-occurs with anxiety, depression, ADHD, and trauma
  • Therapy addresses root beliefs, not just confidence
  • Integrative psychiatry offers comprehensive, evidence-based care
  • Understanding Imposter Syndrome

    Imposter Syndrome is a psychological experience marked by persistent self-doubt, fear of being exposed as a fraud, and difficulty internalising success—despite objective competence or achievement. Individuals with imposter syndrome often feel anxious without reason, especially after accomplishments, praise, or professional advancement. While imposter syndrome is not a formal DSM diagnosis, it is widely recognised in clinical settings due to its strong association with anxiety disorders, depression, trauma histories, and burnout.

    Across the United States, imposter syndrome affects professionals, students, creatives, caregivers, and leaders alike. It is particularly common during life transitions—career advancement, parenthood, recovery from mental health conditions, or entering new environments where expectations feel high and internal confidence feels fragile.

    Signs and Symptoms of Imposter Syndrome

    The signs and symptoms of imposter syndrome can be emotional, cognitive, and behavioural. They often overlap with anxiety-related and mood-related conditions, making clinical assessment especially important.

    Emotional Signs

    • Persistent feelings of being anxious without reason
    • Fear of failure or being “found out”
    • Guilt or shame around success
    • Difficulty experiencing pride or satisfaction
    • Heightened stress despite external stability

    Cognitive Signs

    • Chronic self-doubt and harsh inner criticism
    • Discounting achievements as luck or timing
    • Overestimating others’ competence
    • Perfectionistic, all-or-nothing thinking
    • Rumination and anticipatory worry

    Behavioural Signs

    • Overworking to compensate for perceived inadequacy
    • Avoiding new opportunities or visibility
    • Procrastination driven by fear of failure
    • Excessive reassurance-seeking
    • Difficulty accepting compliments

    These experiences are often described interchangeably as imposter syndrome signs, imposter symptoms, symptoms of imposter syndrome, or symptoms of impostor syndrome (alternate spelling).

    Signs You Have Imposter Syndrome

    You may recognise signs you have imposter syndrome if you:

    • Feel undeserving of success
    • Attribute achievements to external factors
    • Fear making mistakes more than others seem to
    • Feel pressure to constantly prove yourself
    • Struggle with self-confidence despite evidence of competence

    For many individuals, these patterns coexist with anxiety, ADHD, depression, or trauma-related symptoms, and may intensify during periods of increased responsibility or visibility.

    What Causes Imposter Syndrome?

    Imposter syndrome does not arise from a single source. Instead, it reflects a convergence of psychological, developmental, and sociocultural influences.

    Common Contributing Factors

    • Perfectionism and high self-expectations
    • Early family dynamics involving conditional approval
    • Academic or professional environments emphasising performance
    • Identity-based stress (being “the only” or “the first”)
    • Trauma, chronic stress, or emotional invalidation
    • Co-occurring mental health conditions such as anxiety or ADHD

    Individuals with attention-related differences may struggle with self-trust, particularly when navigating executive functioning challenges, a dynamic often explored in ADHD-informed care such as that provided through integrative approaches to ADHD treatment.

    Imposter Syndrome and Anxiety

    A hallmark experience reported by many patients is feeling anxious without reason—a persistent sense of unease even when external circumstances are stable. This anxiety often stems from hypervigilance, fear of evaluation, and internalised pressure to maintain an image of competence.

    Clinically, imposter syndrome frequently co-occurs with anxiety disorders, including generalised anxiety, social anxiety, and panic symptoms. These overlaps are often addressed within integrative anxiety treatment frameworks that consider emotional, cognitive, and physiological contributors.

    Left untreated, chronic anxiety associated with imposter syndrome can contribute to:

    • Burnout and emotional exhaustion
    • Sleep disturbances
    • Depressive symptoms
    • Somatic tension and stress-related health concerns

    Imposter Syndrome Across Mental Health Conditions

    Imposter syndrome does not exist in isolation. It commonly appears alongside a range of mental health conditions addressed within integrative psychiatry.

    • Depression: Persistent self-criticism and diminished self-worth often reinforce depressive thought patterns, a connection frequently explored in integrative depression care.
    • ADHD: Difficulty with organisation or follow-through may fuel self-doubt despite intelligence or creativity.
    • OCD: Perfectionism and intrusive doubt can amplify imposter-related fears.
    • Bipolar Disorder: Periods of high functioning followed by mood shifts can create confusion about identity and competence.
    • Trauma and PTSD: Early invalidation or chronic stress may shape core beliefs of inadequacy, commonly addressed in trauma-informed therapy.
    • Eating Disorders: Control, perfectionism, and self-evaluation often overlap with imposter experiences.
    • Psychosis and Schizophrenia: Internalised stigma and disrupted self-concept can intensify feelings of not belonging.
    • Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): Identity instability and fear of rejection may contribute to chronic self-doubt.

    Integrative psychiatry recognises these intersections and tailors treatment accordingly.

    How Therapy Helps with Imposter Syndrome

    Therapy does not aim to simply “increase confidence.” Instead, it addresses the deeper belief systems, emotional regulation patterns, and nervous system responses that sustain imposter syndrome.

    Evidence-Based Therapies Commonly Used

    • Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): Helps identify and restructure distorted beliefs about competence and worth, often utilised in CBT-informed care.
    • Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT): Supports emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and self-validation, particularly helpful for perfectionism and identity concerns.
    • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): Encourages values-based action while reducing the impact of self-critical thoughts, as explored in ACT-based treatment.
    • EMDR: Addresses trauma-related beliefs and emotional memories that contribute to chronic self-doubt, frequently used in trauma-focused care.

    Integrative psychiatry often combines these modalities with mindfulness, somatic approaches, medication management when appropriate, and lifestyle-based interventions.

    When to Seek Professional Support

    If imposter syndrome is interfering with your relationships, work, or emotional wellbeing—or contributing to anxiety, depression, or burnout—professional support may be beneficial. Many individuals benefit from working with clinicians experienced in integrative, trauma-informed, and identity-affirming care, including access to virtual therapy services across the U.S.

    About Integrative Psych

    Integrative Psych is a national integrative psychiatry and therapy practice serving individuals across the United States through both in-person and virtual care. With a multidisciplinary team of psychiatrists and therapists, Integrative Psych offers evidence-based, patient-centred treatment for anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, mood disorders, and complex emotional concerns. Learn more about the team and approach by exploring Integrative Psych’s comprehensive mental health services.

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